Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospital attendance of patients with primary cervical cancer in Heilongjiang,China

Information regarding the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on cervical cancer in mainland China is lacking. We explored its impact on the hospital attendance of patients with primary cervical cancer. We included 1918 patients with primary cervical cancer who initially attended Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 23, 2019, and January 23, 2021. Attendance decreased by 31%, from 1135 in 2019 to 783 in 2020, mainly from January to June (𝜒² = 73.362, P < .001). The percentage of patients detected by screening decreased from 12.1% in January-June 2019 to 5.8% in January-June 2020 (𝜒² = 7.187, P = .007). Patients with stage I accounted for 28.4% in 2020 significantly lower than 36.6% in 2019 (𝜒² = 14.085, P < .001), and patients with stage III accounted for 27.1% in 2020 significantly higher than 20.5% in 2019 (𝜒² = 11.145, P < .001). Waiting time for treatment was extended from 8 days (median) in January-June and July-December 2019 to 16 days in January-June (𝜒² = 74.674, P < .001) and 12 days in July-December 2020 (𝜒² = 37.916, P < .001). Of the 179 patients who delayed treatment, 164 (91.6%) were for the reasons of the healthcare providers. Compared to 2019, the number of patients in Harbin or non-Harbin in Heilongjiang Province and outside the province decreased, and cross-regional medical treatment has been hindered. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted cervical cancer patient attendance at the initial phase. These results are solid evidence that a strategy and mechanism for the effective attendance of cervical cancer patients in response to public health emergencies is urgently needed.     

Special issue “The advance of solid tumor research in China”: Multi-omics analysis based on 1311 clear cell renal cell carcinoma samples identifies a glycolysis signature associated with prognosis and treatment response

In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), glycolysis is enhanced mainly because of the increased expression of key enzymes in glycolysis. Hence, the discovery of new molecular biomarkers for glycolysis may help guide and establish a precise system of diagnosis and treatment for ccRCC. Expression profiles of 1079 tumor samples of ccRCC patients (including 311 patients treated with everolimus or nivolumab) were downloaded from public databases. Proteomic profiles of 232 ccRCC samples were obtained from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC). Biological changes, tumor microenvironment and prognostic differences were explored between samples with various glycolysis characteristics. There were significant differences in CD8⁺ effector T cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and pan-fibroblast TGFb between the Low and High glyScore groups. The tumor mutation burden of the Low glyScore group was lower than that of the High glyScore group. And higher glyScore was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) in 768 ccRCC patients (P < .0001). External validation in FUSCC cohort also indicated that glyScore was of strong ability for predicting OS (P < .05). GlyScore may serve as a biomarker for predicting everolimus response in ccRCC patients due to its significant associations with progression-free survival (PFS). And glyScore may also predict overall survival in patients treated with nivolumab. We calculated the glyScore in ccRCC and the defined glyScore was of strong ability for predicting OS. In addition, glyScore may also serve as a biomarker for predicting PFS in patients treated with everolimus and could predict OS in patients treated with nivolumab.     

新生儿肺部超声在早产儿肺部感染评价中的价值

目的 探讨新生儿肺部超声在早产儿肺部感染评价中的价值。 方法 选取肺部感染早产儿80例为观察组，无肺部感染的早产儿80例为对照组，均给予新生儿肺部超声检查，比较2组肺部超声评分、氧合指数、呼吸指数，比较观察组不同病情、预后患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数、呼吸指数,分析肺部超声评分和氧合指数、呼吸指数的相关性。 结果 观察组肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于对照组，呼吸指数高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组极危重患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于危重和非危重患儿，呼吸指数高于危重和非危重患儿，危重患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于非危重患儿，呼吸指数高于非危重患儿，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肺部超声评分与呼吸指数呈负相关（r=-0.455，P＜0.05），与氧合指数呈正相关（r=0.470，P＜0.05）。观察组死亡患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于存活患儿，呼吸指数高于存活患儿，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肺部超声评分预测患儿预后的ROC曲线下面积为0.874，高于呼吸指数和氧合指数（P＜0.05），其截断值为20分时，敏感度和特异度为88.50%和75.00%。 结论 新生儿肺部超声在早产儿肺部感染评价中有较好的效果，值得临床使用。     

2019年重庆市30岁及以上人群归因于被动吸烟的肺癌疾病负担研究

目的 分析重庆市肺癌发病死亡和疾病负担归因于被动吸烟的情况,为开展肺癌防治提供建议。 方法 肺癌死亡个案数据来源于2019年重庆市肿瘤登记报告系统,被动吸烟率来自2013年重庆市慢性病及危险因素监测。计算人群归因危险度百分比(population attributable risk percent, PAR%)、被动吸烟导致的肺癌发病、死亡和疾病负担。采用Excel 2010与SPSS 25.0进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ²检验。 结果 2013年30岁及以上成年人被动吸烟率为52.37%。2019年重庆市30岁及以上人群肺癌发病率与标化发病率分别为118.44/10万与80.83/10万,死亡率与标化死亡率分别为96.51/10万、63.58/10万。肺癌发病率和死亡率归因于被动吸烟的PAR%分别为19.76和19.04,归因发病率与归因标化发病率分别为23.41/10万和16.34/10万,归因死亡率与归因标化死亡率分别为18.38/10万和12.40/10万。2019年重庆市30岁及以上肺癌早死所致寿命损失年率(years of life lost,YLL)、残疾所致寿命损失年率(years lived with disability,YLD)、调整伤残寿命损失年率(disability adjusted life year,DALY)分别为21.16‰、0.31‰、21.47‰,YLL率、YLD率、DALY率归因于被动吸烟的PAR%分别为21.16、19.76和20.49,归因YLL率为4.34‰,归因YLD率为0.06‰,归因DALY率为4.40‰。 结论 2019年重庆市30岁及以上人群肺癌发病率、死亡率、YLL率、DALY率高,被动吸烟率高,肺癌归因于被动吸烟的疾病负担重,应加强落实控烟工作。     

基于UHPLC-MS/MS的药用植物内源性激素含量检测方法及黄花蒿不同器官激素的测定

目的 激素是调控植物活性次生代谢产物合成途径的核心调控因子，内源激素结构多样、含量极低，检测难度高，缺乏高效、准确的检测方法。本研究利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）技术构建了对黄花蒿中茉莉酸、细胞分裂素、赤霉素、生长素、脱落酸等多类植物内源性激素高效定量检测方法。方法 使用Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18（2.7 μm， 3.0×150 mm）色谱柱，流动相为0.05%甲酸水-乙腈溶液，梯度洗脱，采用多反应监测模式验证方法可行性，并对黄花蒿不同器官中植物激素进行定量分析。结果 本方法中检测的16种植物激素均呈良好线性，加样回收率、精密度和稳定性均符合植物样品的测定要求。利用此方法测定青蒿不同器官的激素含量，结果表明脱落酸、茉莉酸、茉莉酸甲酯均在叶中含量较高，赤霉素和生长素在根部含量高，细胞分裂素在叶和茎中含量高。结论 青蒿不同器官的激素测定结果可进一步印证脱落酸、茉莉酸、茉莉酸甲酯在调控青蒿素合成中起着重要作用的相关报道，同时表明该方法检测性良好。本文构建的植物内源性激素的检测方法为进一步探究植物生长发育、抵御外界胁迫的相关机制及次生代谢产物的合成等方面提供了手段。     

顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复指端组织缺损的临床疗效观察

目的探讨顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣应用于指端组织缺损患者的疗效。方法77例指端组织缺损患者随机分为两组,对照组行指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复术,实验组行顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复术,比较两组的疗效、术后患指功能以及并发症。结果实验组的治疗优良率和术后患指功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组的术后并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣在指端组织缺损患者中应用效果显著,可促进术后患指功能恢复,安全性高。     

胶质淋巴系统——脑部疾病机制研究新方向

胶质淋巴系统是一个主要由星形胶质细胞水通道蛋白4介导的依靠动脉、静脉周围血管间隙的脑脊液-脑组织液交换流动的系统，是阿尔茨海默病、脑卒中、帕金森病、失眠、抑郁症等脑病的共同特征，是一条新的脑代谢途径，可以清除包括β-淀粉样蛋白、乳酸在内的代谢产物。本文综合分析了全球有关胶质淋巴系统在脑部疾病的研究，得出：胶质淋巴系统可能为神经退行性疾病等发病机制和诊治策略研究带来新视角；胶质淋巴系统有望为一些脑部疾病诊断提供新的有效证据；胶质淋巴系统可能是脑部疾病治疗给药方式的新途径。